It can also provide aįunctional structural role, which it does in ribosomal RNA. It can also, so it's proteins plus, it's not a 'T' there, this is a plus. So in the video on transcription, we're already familiar with messenger RNA and we often view RNA like DNA as primarily encoding information, it's acting as a transcript for a gene, but it doesn't have to Is the ribosome itself, and it is made up of proteins, proteins plus ribosomal RNA. On a ribosome right over here, and there's a couple ![]() How does this thing happen? And what even is a ribosome? So let's zoom in a little bit Thing happening here in this bacterial, or this prokaryotic cell right over here, except you don't see the nuclear membrane, because it's prokaryotic, and you don't see that processing step, so you could just consider this straight, this is mRNA right over there. ![]() It can travel to a ribosome, which is where it will be translated into a polypeptide sequence. If we're talking about a eukaryotic cell, what you end up with we wouldn't call mRNA we would call pre-mRNA, pre-mRNA, which then needs to be processed, the introns need to be taken out, we add a cap and a tail here, and if we're talkingĪbout a eukaryotic cell, we then formally call that mRNA, and then it can travel,Īnd this is where we get into the translation step. Polymerase as the main actor that's able to transcribe But you start with the DNA, you have your RNA Have the nuclear membrane, and you're not gonnaĭo the processing step that I'm gonna talk about in a little bit and we went in detail on Transcription and translation, is if you look at a eukaryotic cell and the bacteria in a prokaryotic cell, it's analogous, you just don't And you can see a littleīit visually here, this is all review, weĬovered a lot of this in the video on transcription and the overview video on Translating that information into a polypeptide sequence. That message RNA to protein, and this process is called translation, because we're literally Which we're gonna dive into in this video is going from Video of transcription, that the first step is to go from the gene to messenger RNA, that the RNA, the messenger RNA, you can use as a transcript, we have rewritten the And this is often called theĬentral dogma of biology, but we already saw in the Is how do you go from the information encoded in these genes, encoded as sequences of DNA, how do you go from that? How do you go from the gene, which is encoded in DNA, how do you go from that to protein? Which is made up of polypeptides, which are made up of amino acids. And each of those genes canĬode for specific polypeptides or specific proteins. Gene right over there, this might be another gene, that might be a gene right over there. And on that strand, you have sequences which we call genes, so that might be one I'm just kind of drawing it as a random long strand ofĭNA all wound up in itself. Really long strands of DNA all wound up into themselves, so something like, well ![]() So we already know that chromosomes are made up of
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